Zinc is a metallic chemical element with the symbol Zn and atomic number 30. In nonscientific context it is sometimes called spelter.
Zinc is a moderately reactive, blue gray metal that tarnishes in moist air and burns in air with a bright bluish-green flame, giving off fumes of zinc oxide. It reacts with acids, alkalis and other non-metals. If not completely pure, zinc reacts with dilute acids to release hydrogen. The one common oxidation state of zinc is +2. From 100 °C to 210 °C (212 °F to 410 °F) zinc metal is malleable and can easily be beaten into various shapes. Above 210 °C (410 °F), the metal becomes brittle and will be pulverized by beating. Zinc is nonmagnetic.
Technical Data
Symbol |
Zn |
Density (25°C)/gcm3 |
7.14 |
Atomic number |
30 |
Melting point /°C |
419.5 |
No. of naturally occurring isotopes |
5 |
Boiling point /°C |
907 |
Atomic weight |
65.38 |
ΔHfus/kJmol-1 |
7.28(+/-0.01) |
Electronic configuration |
[Ar]3d104s2 |
ΔHvap/kJmol-1 |
114.2(+/-1.7) |
Metal radius(12-coordinate)/pm |
134 |
ΔHf(monoatomic gas)/kJmol-1 |
129.3(+/-2.9) |
Effective ionic radius/pm II |
74 |
Electrical resistivity |
|
Ionization energy/kJmol-1 I |
906.1 |
(20°C)/μohm cm |
5.8 |
Ionization energy/kJmol-1 II |
1733 |
Electronegativity χ |
1.6 |
Ionization energy/kJmol-1 III |
3831 |
E° (M2+(aq)\ + 2e- →M(s))/V |
-0.7619 |
Evaporation Techniques
Temperature (oC) @Vap. Pressure |
Techniques |
Remarks |
10-8 Torr |
10-6 Torr |
10-4 Torr |
Electron Beam |
Crucible |
Coil |
Boat |
127 |
177 |
250 |
Excellent |
Al2O3 & Quartz |
Tungsten |
Molybdenum, Tungsten & Tantalum |
Evaporates well under wide range of conditions. |
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