Terbium is a chemical element with the symbol Tb and atomic number 65.
Terbium is a silvery-white rare earth metal that is malleable, ductile and soft enough to be cut with a knife. It is reasonably stable in air, and two crystal allotropes exist, with a transformation temperature of 1289 °C. Terbium(III) cation is brilliantly fluorescent, in a beautiful bright lemon-yellow color that is the result of a strong green emission line in combination with other lines in the orange and red. The yttrofluorite variety of the mineral fluorite owes its creamy-yellow fluorescence in part to terbium.
Technical Data
Symbol |
Tb |
Melting point / C |
1356 |
Atomic number |
65 |
Boiling point / °C |
-2800 |
No. of naturally occurring isotopes |
1 |
ΔHvap/kJmol-1 |
293 |
Atomic weight |
158.9254 |
ΔHf(monoatomic gas)/kJmol-1 |
389 |
Outer electron configuration |
4f962 |
ΔH(hydration Ln3+)/kJmol-1 |
3605 |
Metal radius(6-coordinate)/pm |
177.3 |
Electrical resistivity |
|
Ionic radius(6-coordinate)/pm IV |
76 |
(25°C)/μohm cm |
116 |
Ionic radius(6-coordinate)/pm III |
92.3 |
Ionization energy/kJmol-1 I |
569 |
E° (M4+(aq)\ + e- →M3+(aq))/V |
2.7 |
Ionization energy/kJmol-1 II |
1112 |
E° (M3+(aq)\ + 3e- →M(s))/V |
-2.391 |
Ionization energy/kJmol-1 III |
2122 |
Density (25 C)/gcm |
8.253 |
|
|
Evaporation Techniques
Temperature (oC) @Vap. Pressure |
Techniques |
Remarks |
10-8 Torr |
10-6 Torr |
10-4 Torr |
Electron Beam |
Crucible |
Coil |
Boat |
800 |
950 |
1150 |
Excellent |
Al2O3 |
- |
Tantalum |
|
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