21 44.956
Sc
Scandium

Scandium , Sc

Scandium, with its symbol Sc and atomic number 21, occupies a unique place in the periodic table as a fascinating chemical element. Its distinct characteristics make it a subject of interest in various scientific and industrial realms. Often overshadowed by more commonly known elements, scandium possesses remarkable properties that merit exploration. As a silvery-white metal, scandium typically exists in compounds rather than in its pure form. Its presence in nature is relatively scarce, primarily found in rare minerals sourced from regions like Scandinavia and other locales worldwide. Despite its rarity, scandium holds significant importance due to its versatility and utility in various applications.

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S2-5002-M

Sc2O3 3-12mm Pieces (sintered) 99.99% Pure

Scandium Oxide

S2-5004-M

Sc 1-6mm Pieces Sc/TREM 99.99% TREM 99.5%

Scandium

4.1 UN3089 PG II Flammable

S2-5005-M

Sc 3-10mm Pieces Sc/TREM >99.99% Packaged under Argon

Scandium

4.1 UN3089 PG II Flammable

S2-5006-M

Sc 3-6mm Pieces Sc/TREM >99.99% TREM 99.5%

Scandium

4.1 UN3089 PG II Flammable

S2-5007-M

Sc Pieces <10mm TREM 99.5% Sc/TREM 99.99% Packaged under Argon

Scandium

4.1 UN3089, PG IIFLAMMABLE

S2-10002-P

ScCl3 -20 mesh 99.9% Pure

Scandium Chloride

S2-10003-P

ScF3 -200 mesh (precipitated) 99.9% Pure

Scandium Fluoride

S2-10004-P

ScI3 -20 mesh 99.9% Pure

Scandium Iodide

S2-10005-P

ScN -60 mesh 99.9% Pure

Scandium Nitride

S2-10006-P

ScO3 -325 mesh (typ. =5 microns) 99.99% Pure

Scandium Oxide

S2-10007-P

ScO3 -325 mesh (typ. =5 microns) 99.95% Pure

Scandium Oxide

S2-10008-P

Sc2S3 -200 mesh 99.9% Pure

Scandium Sulphide

S2-10009-P

Sc2Te3 -20 mesh 99.9% Pure

Scandium Telluride

S2-2000-R1

Sc Rod 6.35mm dia x 200mm long Sc/TREM 99.99% Pure

Scandium

S2-2001-R1

Sc Rod 3.2mm (+/-0.15) dia x 50mm (+/-1.0) long 99.99% Pure Temper Hard

Scandium

S2-2002-R1

Sc Rod 5mm dia. x 10 to 50mm long 99.95% Pure

Scandium

S2-2003-R1

Sc Rod 3.2mm (+/-0.15) dia. x 100mm (+/-1.0) long 99.99% Pure Temper Hard

Scandium

S2-2006-R1

Sc Rod 25.4mm dia x 50.8mm long Sc/TREM 99.99% Pure

Scandium

S2-2007-R1

Sc 5mm dia. x 5mm length 99.9% Pure

Scandium

S2-2008-R1

Sc Rod 6mm dia. x 175mm long 99.9% Pure

Scandium

S2-2008-R2

Sc Rod 6mm dia. x 200mm long TREM 99.9% Sc/TREM 99.99%

Scandium

S2-2009-R1

Sc Rod 8mm dia. x 175mm long 99.9% Pure

Scandium

SC-SHT-0.5

Sc sheet Thickness 0.50mm (0.020") Purity 99.9%

Scandium

SC-SHT-0.76

Sc sheet Thickness 0.76mm (0.030") Purity 99.9%

Scandium

SC-SHT-1

Sc sheet Thickness 1.0mm (0.040") Purity 99.9%

Scandium

S2-9000-D

Scandium Sc, TREM99.5%, Sc/TREM 99.99%

S2-9000-Dx

Scandium Sc, TREM 99.9%, Sc/TREM 99.99%

S2-9000-Dxx

Scandium Sc, TREM 99.99%, Sc/TREM 99.99%

distillation method

S2-9001-D

Scandium Oxide Sc2O3,

Purity 99.99%

S2-9002-D

Scandium-Aluminium Sc-Al,

Available in various ratios wt% or at%, Purity 99.9%

S2-9003-D

Scandium oxide-Lutetium oxide Sc2O3-Lu2O3,

Purity 99.99%

S2-9001-D1

Sc2O3 TRG 25.4mm dia. x 6.35mmTk 99.99% Pure

Scandium Oxide

S2-9001-D3

Sc2O3 TRG 50.8mm dia. x 3.18mm Tk 99.99% Pure

Scandium oxide

Scandium, a rare and intriguing metallic element, possesses a unique set of characteristics that distinguish it within the periodic table. Its hardness, silvery appearance, and notably dark metallic hue mark it as an element of interest. When exposed to air, scandium develops a subtle yet distinctive yellowish or pinkish tint, adding to its allure.

Despite its remarkable properties, scandium is not impervious to the elements. In its pure form, it succumbs to weathering over time and is prone to degradation upon prolonged contact with most dilute acids. However, it exhibits a notable resistance to a specific combination of nitric acid (HNO3) and hydrofluoric acid (HF), a trait shared with certain other reactive metals.

The rarity of scandium is not merely incidental but rather rooted in the intricate processes of nuclear fusion. Thermonuclear reactions responsible for generating elements in the range of scandium's atomic number tend to favour those with an even atomic number. Consequently, elements such as argon (atomic number 18), calcium (atomic number 20), titanium (atomic number 22), and chromium (atomic number 24) are more abundant. In contrast, elements with odd atomic numbers, including potassium (atomic number 19), scandium (atomic number 21), and vanadium (atomic number 23), are produced less frequently and thus remain comparatively scarce.

The production of odd-numbered elements within this range arises from less common thermonuclear reactions, a phenomenon elucidated in scientific discourse. This intricate interplay of nuclear processes contributes to the rarity and distinctiveness of scandium, underscoring its significance in the realm of chemistry and physics. Understanding the origins and properties of scandium offers valuable insights into the broader complexities of elemental synthesis and the natural world's intricate workings.

Symbol Sc
Atomic number 21
No. of naturally occurring isotopes 1
Atomic weight 44.9559
Electronic configuration [Ar]3d14s2
Metal radius(12-coordinate)/pm 162
Ionic radius(6-coordinate)/pm 74.5
E° (M3+(aq)\ + 3e- →M(s))/V -2.077
Electronegativity χ 1.3
Electrical resistivity (20°C)/μohm cm 50-61
Density (20°C)/gcm-3 3
Melting point /°C 1539
Boiling point /°C 2748
ΔHfus/kJmol-1 15.77
ΔHvap/kJmol-1 332.71
ΔHf(monoatomic gas)/kJmol-1 376(+/-20)
Ionization energy/kJmol-1 I 631
Ionization energy/kJmol-1 II 1235
Ionization energy/kJmol-1 III 2389
Temperature (oC) @Vap. Pressure
10-8 Torr 714
10-6 Torr 837
10-4 Torr 1002
Techniques
Electron Beam Excellent
Crucible Al2O3
Coil -
Boat Tungsten
Remarks
Alloys with Tantalum