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Niobium, Nb

Niobium is a chemical element that has the symbol Nb and atomic number 41. A rare, soft, gray, ductile transition metal, niobium is found in pyrochlore and columbite. It was first discovered in the latter mineral and so was initially named columbium; now that mineral is also called "niobite". Niobium is used in special steel alloys as well as in welding, nuclear industries, electronics, optics and jewelry.

Niobium is a shiny gray, ductile metal that takes on a bluish tinge when exposed to air at room temperature for extended periods. Niobium's chemical properties are almost identical to the chemical properties of tantalum, which appears below niobium in the periodic table.

When it is processed at even moderate temperatures niobium must be placed in a protective atmosphere. The metal begins to oxidize in air at 200 ° C; its most common oxidation states are +3, and +5, although others are also known.

Technical Data
Symbol	Nb	Density (20°C)/gcm^-3	8.57
Atomic number	41	Melting point / °C	2468
No. of naturally occurring isotopes	1	Boiling point / °C	4758
Atomic weight	92.9064	ΔH_fus/kJmol^-1	26.8
Electronic configuration	[Kr]4d³5s²	ΔH_vap/kJmol^-1	680.2
Metal radius) 12-coordinate)/pm	146	ΔH_{f(monoatomic gas)}/kJmol^-1	724
Ionic radius! 6-coordinate)/pm V	64	Electrical resistivity (20°C)/μohm cm	~12.5
Ionic radius!6-coordinate)/pm IV	68	Electronegativity χ	1.6
Ionic radius! 6-coordinate)/pm III	72

Evaporation Materials
N3-5000-M Ingot (Please ask for sizes)
N3-5001-M pellets 6mm diameter x 3mm long
N3-5002-M pellets 6mm diameter x 6mm long
N3-5003-M pieces 2-4 mm
N3-5007-M pellets 8mm diameter x 8mm long
N3-5000-M Ingot (Please ask for sizes)
N3-5001-M pellets 6mm diameter x 3mm long
N3-5002-M pellets 6mm diameter x 6mm long
N3-5003-M pieces 2-4 mm
N3-5007-M pellets 8mm diameter x 8mm long

The foils are available in either rectangular or circular shape. Please enter width and length or diameter of the required foil.

Foil
N3-3003-F 0.004" (0.1mm)
N3-3007-F 0.008" (0.2mm)

Powder
N3-10001-P -100 mesh
N3-10003-P -325 mesh
N3-10004-P <10 microns average

Rods
N3-2000-R 0.0625" (1.58mm)
N3-2001-R 0.125" (3.175mm)
N3-2002-R 0.250" (6.35mm)
N3-2003-R 0.500" (12.7mm)
N3-2004-R 0.625" (15.88mm)
N3-2005-R 0.750" (19.05mm)
N3-2006-R 1" (25.4mm)

Sheet
N3-4002-S 0.020" (0.5mm)
N3-4003-S 0.030" (0.76mm)
N3-4004-S 0.040" (1mm)
N3-4008-S 0.125" (3.175mm)
N3-4009-S 0.250" (6.35mm)
N3-4010-S 0.375" (9.525mm)
N3-4011-S 0.500" (12.7mm)
N3-4012-S 0.750" (19.05mm)
N3-4013-S 1" (25.4mm)

Wire
N3-1000-W 0.001" (0.025mm)
N3-1001-W 0.002" (0.05mm)
N3-1003-W 0.004" (0.1mm)
N3-1005-W 0.006" (0.152mm)
N3-1007-W 0.008" (0.203mm)
N3-1011-W 0.020" (0.5mm)
N3-1013-W 0.040" (1.0mm)
N3-1017-W 0.080" (2.0mm)

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