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Molybdenum, Mo

Molybdenum (from the Greek meaning "lead-like"), is a Group 6 chemical element with the symbol Mo and atomic number 42. It has the sixth-highest melting point of any element, and for this reason it is often used in high-strength steel alloys. Molybdenum is found in trace amounts in plants and animals, although excess molybdenum can be toxic in some animals. Molybdenum was discovered in 1778 by Carl Wilhelm Scheele and first isolated in 1781 by Peter Jacob Hjelm.

Technical Data
Symbol	Mo	Melting point /°C	1620
Atomic number	42	Boiling point /°C	4650
No. of naturally occurring isotopes	7	ΔH_fus/kJmol^-1	28(+/-3)
Atomic weight	95.94	ΔH_vap/kJmol^-1	590(+/-21)
Electronic configuration	[Kr]4d5s⁷	ΔH_{f(monoatomic gas)}/kJmol^-1	664(+/-13)
Metal radius( 12-coordinate)/pm	139	Electrical resistivity (20°C)/μohm cm	~5
Ionic radius(6-coordinate)/pm VI	59	Electronegativity χ	1.8
Ionic radius(6-coordinate)/pm V	61	Ionization energy/kJmol^-1I	685
Ionic radius(6-coordinate)/pm IV	65	Ionization energy/kJmol^-1II	1558
Ionic radius(6-coordinate)/pm III	69	Ionization energy/kJmol^-1III	2621
Density (20°C)/gcm^-3	10.28

Evaporation Techniques
Temperature (^oC) @Vap. Pressure			Techniques				Remarks
10^-8 Torr	10^-6 Torr	10^-4 Torr	Electron Beam	Crucible	Coil	Boat	Remarks
1592	1822	2117	Excellent	-	-	-	Films smooth, hard. Careful degas required.

Evaporation Materials
M4-5000-M Ingot (Please ask for sizes)
M4-5001-M pellets 6mm diameter x 3mm long
M4-5002-M pellets 6mm diameter x 6mm long
M4-5003-M pellets 12mm diameter x 6mm long
M4-5004-M pieces 1-3 mm
M4-5008-M pellets 3mm diameter x 3mm long

The foils are available in either rectangular or circular shape. Please enter width and length or diameter of the required foil.

Foil
M4-3003-F 0.004" (0.1mm)
M4-3007-F 0.008" (0.2mm)

Powder
M4-10000-P -100 mesh
M4-10002-P -325 mesh
M4-10003-P 2-4 microns
M4-10001-P 1-2 micron

Rods
M4-2000-R 0.0625" (1.58mm)
M4-2001-R 0.125" (3.175mm)
M4-2010-R 0.157" (4mm)
M4-2008-R 0.197" (5mm)
M4-2002-R 0.250" (6.35mm)
M4-2003-R 0.500" (12.7mm)
M4-2004-R 0.625" (15.88mm)
M4-2005-R 0.750" (19.05mm)
M4-2007-R 0.787" (20mm)
M4-2006-R 1" (25.4mm)
M4-2009-R 1.181" (30mm)

Sheet
M4-4001-S 0.020" (0.5mm)
M4-4002-S 0.030" (0.76mm)
M4-4003-S 0.040" (1mm)
M4-4006-S 0.060" (1.5mm)
M4-4008-S 0.125" (3.175mm)
M4-4009-S 0.250" (6.35mm)
M4-4010-S 0.375" (9.525mm)
M4-4011-S 0.500" (12.7mm)
M4-4012-S 0.750" (19.05mm)
M4-4013-S 1" (25.4mm)

Wire
M4-1000-W 0.001" (0.025mm)
M4-1001-W 0.002" (0.05mm)
M4-1003-W 0.004" (0.1mm)
M4-1005-W 0.006" (0.152mm)
M4-1007-W 0.008" (0.203mm)
M4-1010-W 0.012" (0.3mm)
M4-1012-W 0.020" (0.5mm)
M4-1020-W 0.025" (0.635mm)
M4-1014-W 0.040" (1.0mm)
M4-1021-W 0.043" (1.1mm)
M4-1022-W 0.047" (1.2mm)
M4-1023-W 0.051" (1.3mm)
M4-1024-W 0.055" (1.4mm)
M4-1016-W 0.060" (1.5mm)
M4-1018-W 0.080" (2.0mm)

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