Metals
- Elements List
- Aluminium, Al
- Antimony, Sb
- Arsenic, As
- Barium, Ba
- Beryllium, Be
- Bismuth, Bi
- Boron, B
- Cadmium, Cd
- Calcium, Ca
- Carbon, C (Graphite)
- Cerium, Ce
- Cesium, Cs
- Chromium, Cr
- Cobalt, Co
- Copper, Cu
- Dysprosium, Dy
- Erbium, Er
- Europium, Eu
- Gadolinium, Gd
- Gallium, Ga
- Germanium, Ge
- Gold, Au
- Hafnium, Hf
- Holmium, Ho
- Indium, In
- Iridium, Ir
- Iron, Fe
- Lanthanum, La
- Lead, Pb
- Lithium, Li
- Lutetium, Lu
- Magnesium, Mg
- Manganese, Mn
- Mercury, Hg
- Molybdenum, Mo
- Neodymium, Nd
- Nickel, Ni
- Niobium, Nb
- Osmium, Os
- Palladium, Pd
- Phosphorus, P
- Platinum, Pt
- Potassium, K
- Praseodymium, Pr
- Rhenium, Re
- Rhodium, Rh
- Rubidium, Rb
- Ruthenium, Ru
- Samarium, Sm
- Scandium, Sc
- Selenium, Se
- Silicon, Si
- Silver, Ag
- Sodium, Na
- Strontium, Sr
- Sulphur, S
- Tantalum, Ta
- Tellurium, Te
- Terbium, Tb
- Thallium, Tl
- Thorium, Th
- Thulium, Tm
- Tin, Sn
- Titanium, Ti
- Tungsten, W
- Vanadium, V
- Ytterbium, Yb
- Yttrium, Y
- Zinc, Zn
- Zirconium, Zr
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Thulium, Tm
Description
Thulium is a chemical element that has the symbol Tm and atomic number 69. A lanthanide element, thulium is the least abundant of the rare earths. It is an easily workable metal with a bright silvery-gray luster and can be cut by a knife. It has some corrosion resistance in dry air and good ductility. Naturally occurring thulium is made entirely of the stable isotope Tm-169.
Available Forms:
| Technical Data | ||||||||
| Symbol | Tm | Density (25°C)/gcm3 | 9.318 | |||||
| Atomic number | 69 | Melting point /°C | 1545 | |||||
| No. of naturally occurring isotopes | 1 | Boiling point /°C | -1727 | |||||
| Atomic weight | 168.9342 | ΔHvap/kJmol-1 | 247 | |||||
| Outer electron configuration | 4f136s2 | ΔHf(monoatomic gas)/kJmol-1 | 232 | |||||
| Metal radius(6-coordinate)/pm | 175.9 | ΔH(hydration Ln3+)/kJmol-1 | 3717 | |||||
| Ionic radius(6-coordinate)/pm III | 88 | Ionization energy/kJmol-1 I | 589 | |||||
| Ionic radius(6-coordinate)/pm II | 103 | Ionization energy/kJmol-1 II | 1163 | |||||
| E° (M3+(aq)\ + 3e- →M(s))/V | -2.278 | Ionization energy/kJmol-1 III | 2305 | |||||
| Electrical resistivity (25°C)/μohm cm | 90 | |||||||
| Evaporation Techniques | ||||||||
| Temperature (oC) @Vap. Pressure | Techniques | Remarks | ||||||
| 10-8 Torr | 10-6 Torr | 10-4 Torr | Electron Beam | Crucible | Coil | Boat | ||
| 461 Sublimes | 554 Sublimes | 680 Sublimes | Good | Al2O3 | - | Tantalum | Go to Evaporation Sources Page | |
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