- Elements List
- Aluminium, Al
- Antimony, Sb
- Arsenic, As
- Barium, Ba
- Beryllium, Be
- Bismuth, Bi
- Boron, B
- Cadmium, Cd
- Calcium, Ca
- Carbon, C (Graphite)
- Cerium, Ce
- Cesium, Cs
- Chromium, Cr
- Cobalt, Co
- Copper, Cu
- Dysprosium, Dy
- Erbium, Er
- Europium, Eu
- Gadolinium, Gd
- Gallium, Ga
- Germanium, Ge
- Gold, Au
- Hafnium, Hf
- Holmium, Ho
- Indium, In
- Iridium, Ir
- Iron, Fe
- Lanthanum, La
- Lead, Pb
- Lithium, Li
- Lutetium, Lu
- Magnesium, Mg
- Manganese, Mn
- Mercury, Hg
- Molybdenum, Mo
- Neodymium, Nd
- Nickel, Ni
- Niobium, Nb
- Osmium, Os
- Palladium, Pd
- Phosphorus, P
- Platinum, Pt
- Potassium, K
- Praseodymium, Pr
- Rhenium, Re
- Rhodium, Rh
- Rubidium, Rb
- Ruthenium, Ru
- Samarium, Sm
- Scandium, Sc
- Selenium, Se
- Silicon, Si
- Silver, Ag
- Sodium, Na
- Strontium, Sr
- Sulphur, S
- Tantalum, Ta
- Tellurium, Te
- Terbium, Tb
- Thallium, Tl
- Thorium, Th
- Thulium, Tm
- Tin, Sn
- Titanium, Ti
- Tungsten, W
- Vanadium, V
- Ytterbium, Yb
- Yttrium, Y
- Zinc, Zn
- Zirconium, Zr
Phosphorus, P
Description
Phosphorus is the chemical element that has the symbol P and atomic number 15. The name comes from the Greek: phôs (meaning "light") and phoros (meaning "bearer"). A multivalent nonmetal of the nitrogen group, phosphorus is commonly found in inorganic phosphate rocks.
Due to its high reactivity, phosphorus is never found as a free element in nature on Earth. One form of phosphorus (white phosphorus) emits a faint glow upon exposure to oxygen (hence its Greek derivation and the Latin 'light-bearer', meaning the planet Venus as Hesperus or "Morning Star").
Phosphorus is a component of DNA and RNA and an essential element for all living cells. The most important commercial use of phosphorus-based chemicals is the production of fertilizers.
Phosphorus compounds are also widely used in explosives, nerve agents, friction matches, fireworks, pesticides, toothpaste, and detergents.
Available Forms:
| Technical Data | ||||||||
| Symbol | P | Melting point / °C | α-P4 44.1* | |||||
| Atomic number | 15 | Boiling point / °C | 280.5 | |||||
| No. of naturally occurring isotopes | 1 | Vapour pressure/ mm Hg | 0.122(20°C) | |||||
| Atomic weight | 30.97376 | Dielectric constant (20°C) | 4.1(α-P4) | |||||
| Electronic configuration | [Ne]3s23p3 | Ionization energy/kJmol-1 I | 1012 | |||||
| Electrical resistivity (20°C)/μohm cm | 1011(α-P4) | Ionization energy/kJmol-1 II | 1903 | |||||
| Refractive index nD (29.2°C) | 1.8244 | Ionization energy/kJmol-1 III | 2912 | |||||
| Density (20°C)/gcm3 | 1.8232 (α-P4) | *(44.25 when ultrapure) | ||||||
| Evaporation Techniques | ||||||||
| Temperature (oC) @Vap. Pressure | Techniques | Remarks | ||||||
| 10-8 Torr | 10-6 Torr | 10-4 Torr | Electron Beam | Crucible | Coil | Boat | ||
| 327 | 361 | 402 | - | Al2O3 | - | - | Metal reacts violently in air. Go to Evaporation Sources Page | |
Unit 2, Hatch Industrial Park Greywell Road, Hatch Basingstoke Hampshire, RG24 7NG, England, UK.
High Purity Materials For Research, Development and Industry © 2013 Testbourne Limited
